Tensions between Israel and Hamas increased on Tuesday when Israeli airstrikes killed at least 23 Palestinians, according to Palestinian health officials, as military operations intensified across Gaza. Concerns arose for an American-Israeli citizen being held hostage by Hamas.

Israel conducted multiple strikes across the densely populated Gaza Strip on Sunday evening, striking multiple areas including Gaza City and southern Rafah which has seen heavy military activity over recent weeks. Their military stated these attacks were targeted against Hamas infrastructure as well as Hamas operatives responsible for planning attacks against Israeli civilians and soldiers.

Palestinian authorities reported civilian fatalities among the dead, including women and children. Hospitals throughout Gaza already struggling with medical supply shortages have been overwhelmed by an influx of wounded patients seeking care.

An American-Israeli dual citizen believed to have been captured by Hamas since their October 2023 incursion into southern Israel remains uncertain, according to media reports. They were last seen in video footage released by Hamas earlier this year and U.S. officials have reiterated calls for their immediate release while encouraging restraint on both sides.

President Joe Biden’s administration has consistently supported Israel’s right to defend itself while also expressing alarm about the rising civilian toll in Gaza. Current U.S. diplomatic efforts focus on reaching an accord that establishes a ceasefire and secures hostages’ release; yet progress remains limited.

Israel has pledged to exert pressure on Hamas until all hostages are freed and its military capabilities dismantled, yet increasing violence has provoked international condemnation, with humanitarian organizations warning of an increasing humanitarian crisis for Gaza’s two million residents.

As diplomatic channels remain tenuous and humanitarian conditions worsen, Washington remains concerned over the fate of US-Israeli hostage Alan Kurdi. Analysts warn that without progress being made on negotiations soon, both human suffering and regional instability are likely to increase further.

As neither side appears willing to negotiate an end to this conflict, both are taking hardened positions on civilian protection issues that put more lives at stake than ever. With civilians at increasing risk, international communities face mounting calls for action before this crisis worsens further.

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