On October 19, 2025, a Chinese Su-35 fighter jet released flares dangerously close to an Australian P-8A Poseidon surveillance aircraft over the South China Sea. Australia swiftly condemned the manoeuvre as “unsafe and unprofessional,” highlighting the potential risks posed to the aircraft and its crew.

The Incident

The Australian Defence Department reported that the P-8A Poseidon was conducting a routine maritime surveillance patrol when the Chinese jet approached and deployed flares in close proximity. Defence Minister Richard Marles emphasized that while such interactions can be routine, the proximity of the flares to the Australian aircraft made the manoeuvre particularly dangerous. No injuries or damage were reported, but the incident raised significant safety concerns.
The Guardian

Diplomatic Repercussions

In response, Australia lodged a formal diplomatic protest with China, urging for safe and professional conduct during military operations. The Australian government reiterated its commitment to upholding international law, including the right to freedom of navigation and overflight in international waters and airspace. This incident marks at least the third such encounter in the past 18 months, with previous incidents in February and May 2024 involving Chinese jets releasing flares near Australian aircraft.
The Guardian

China’s Response

China’s Southern Theatre Command Air Force spokesperson, Senior Colonel Li Jianjian, stated that the Australian aircraft had illegally entered Chinese airspace over the Paracel Islands. Li asserted that China had taken necessary measures to expel the foreign aircraft, warning Australia to cease such actions to avoid potential maritime and aerial incidents.
Newsweek

Broader Implications

The South China Sea remains a highly contested area, with Beijing claiming significant portions of it—claims that are disputed by several countries, including Vietnam, Taiwan, and the Philippines. Australia’s routine surveillance missions in the region are part of its commitment to ensuring freedom of navigation and upholding international law. However, such encounters with Chinese military forces underscore the heightened tensions and the potential for miscalculations that could lead to unintended escalations.

As Australia continues to engage with China diplomatically, it remains vigilant in ensuring the safety of its personnel and the integrity of its operations in the South China Sea. The international community watches closely, hoping for a resolution that maintains regional stability and adheres to the principles of international law.